Reinforced concrete and textile are used to cast reinforced concrete columns using carbon and glass fiber bundles as the main materials to understand the seismic performance of the textile reinforced concrete columns under earthquake. An electro-hydraulic servo loading system is used to load the seismic monitoring data for the specimens. Some specimens are placed in the sodium chloride solution for multiple dry-wet cycles. The experimental results obtained under different environments denote that the bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete columns is strengthened and the seismic performance of the reinforced concrete columns is improved with increasing number of textile layers. The seismic performance of the textile reinforced concrete columns is only poor in the late stage of seismic action when the hoop spacing is large. The larger the number of dry and wet cycles, the weaker will be the bearing capacity of the textile reinforced concrete columns and the seismic performance of the reinforced concrete columns. In a chloride environment, the corrosion resistance of the textile reinforced concrete columns can be increased to improve the seismic performance. Appropriately increasing the number of textile layers and reducing the hoop spacing can improve the seismic performance of the textile reinforced concrete columns.