Earthquake disasters cause complex and diverse forms of damage, leading many researchers to adopt multi-source monitoring technologies for comprehensive analysis. However, despite the rapid deployment of ground rescue teams and air-based remote sensing platforms such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), space-based remote sensing has not yet been effectively integrated with ground and air capabilities. This gap hinders the timeliness and applicability of space-based emergency responses, failing to meet the operational demands of disaster emergency management. On December 18, 2023, a magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck Jishishan County, Linxia Prefecture, Gansu Province, resulting in significant casualties. Following the event, space-based, air-based, and ground rescue teams promptly initiated emergency operations. This study uses the Jishishan earthquake as a case study to evaluate and compare the emergency response capabilities of ground rescue teams, air-based platforms, and space-based platforms. The acquisition process and image parameter characteristics of space-based remote sensing were analyzed in detail across different time phases. Furthermore, we applied space-based remote sensing data to several key tasks: extracting earthquake-damaged buildings, deriving InSAR deformation fields, assessing vehicle-based rescue efforts, and evaluating the distribution of emergency shelters and secondary disasters. Through comparative analysis, this study identifies several challenges in the emergency response of space-based platforms for major disasters. These include limited availability of resource planning and actual emergency needs, prolonged response chains, poor coordination between remote sensing support and frontline rescue demands, and the absence of an effective emergency product sharing mechanism. In response, targeted recommendations and countermeasures are proposed in areas such as satellite mission planning, data processing, and intelligent information extraction, with the goal of enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of space-based emergency operations.While space-based platforms hold significant potential for supporting post-earthquake responses, ongoing improvements are necessary in data timeliness, spatial coverage, resolution, and sharing mechanisms.