Due to the uncertainty of earthquake disasters, the operating rate and efficiency of emergency rescue equipment are affected. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out parallel optimization processing. In this paper, a design optimization method for earthquake disaster emergency rescue equipment, based on two-way parallel computing, is proposed. Based on an evaluation of disaster levels in earthquake disaster areas, the relationship between earthquake magnitude and emergency rescue equipment were standardized and transformed into the problem of solving the optimal solution. Accounting for uncertainty in earthquake disaster scenes, the emergency rescue equipment for earthquake disaster was optimized by two-way parallel processing between communication time and rescue equipment requirements. The experimental results showed that the improved method can be used to accurately predict the demand of emergency rescue equipment for earthquake disasters, improve the running rate of emergency rescue equipment, shorten the communication time, and improve the efficiency of use of emergency rescue equipment.