Earthquake prevention and mitigation are key demands of our country. To address the problem of poor flexibility currently existing in our urban seismic response, we applied, in this paper, a GIS system to the urban earthquake emergency and disaster relief response. The established GIS system made use of an earthquake disaster assessment module, database management module, and earthquake emergency response and command decision module to constitute the emergency response framework for urban earthquake disaster relief. This system completed the application analysis of the urban GIS system. In the seismic disaster assessment module, total loss, economic loss, and loss of life caused by earthquake damage were calculated, and satisfactory accuracy in seismic disaster assessment information data was realized. The disaster relief emergency response database in the database management module mainly used vector data, digital orthophoto map data, and other special data to improve the flexibility of the urban emergency response to earthquake relief. In the response and decision-making module, the core server was used to transmit the data information and realize the rapid rescue response. In the study, the GIS system was compared with current methods, and a comparative experiment was carried out on the flexibility of the earthquake relief process and the precision of rescue data. The experimental results showed that the rescue data provided by the proposed system are accurate, and some indices used in the operation process are superior to those of the current research.