The residual deformation behavior of dam inverted filler was investigated by means of a medium dynamic triaxial test. On this basis, numerical simulation was carried out using the two-dimension particle flow code. Based on comparison and analysis, some conclusions are summarized as follows:(1) Stress level has no effect on the slope of the relationship curve; (2) initial values of volumetric strain are smaller; (3) overvaluing confining pressure and dynamic stress will produce rather large simulation errors; (4) the correct microscopic parameters should be obtained according to results of specific triaxial tests.