Taking the Gongza landslide in Changdu City, Sichuan Province as the prototype, a 1:1 000 shaking table test model was designed, and the shaking table model tests of anti-dip rock slopes with weak lithologic association and a penetrating structural plane were carried out. Considering the engineering geological conditions and site characteristics, the dynamic response law of the anti-dip rock slope under artificial seismic waves with various frequencies was discussed, and then compared with the amplification effect law under the input of sine wave. Based on the spectrum analysis of the data obtained from vertical monitoring points under different types of seismic waves, the dynamic response of anti-dip rock slope was studied. The results show that under the action of artificial seismic wave, the acceleration amplification coefficient shows obvious elevation amplification effect both along the slope surface and the vertical direction, and shows obvious skin effect along the horizontal direction. Under the action of artificial seismic wave, the slope and in-slope responses are similar to those under the action of sine wave, but the skin effect is not the same. Under the action of sine wave, the spectra of slope monitoring points show a vertical straight line, and the derived characteristic frequency is an integral multiple of the input sine wave frequency. The artificial and natural waves have more complex frequency distribution, so the amplification effect of the slope on the high frequency band is obviously higher than that on the low frequency band. However, the closer the predominant frequency of sine wave and artificial wave is to the natural frequency of the slope, the more obvious the slope dynamic response is. By comparing the frequency spectra of different types of seismic waves, it is found that due to the simple waveform of sine wave, the frequency spectrum of each measuring point does not change obviously after propagating through the slope, so it can not accurately reflect the influence of rock slope on the input seismic wave. Therefore, the sine wave is not recommended to be used as the dynamic input wave when studying the spectral characteristics of rock slopes.