To study the seismic response and pounding effect of curved continuous girder bridges under near-fault ground motions, the nonlinear time history analysis method was used to analyze the influence of velocity pulse effect, hanging wall effect, and directivity effect on the bearing displacement, the internal force of pier, and the pounding force between girders of a three-span continuous curved girder bridge. Through a comparative analysis of bearing isolation ratio, the reasons for the difference between seismic responses of the bridge under different types of near-fault ground motions were explored. The results showed that the impulse effect, the hanging wall effect, and the directional effect will all increase the seismic response of the curved continuous beam bridge, especially the impulse effect. The impulse effect and directivity effect weaken the seismic isolation performance of the high-damping rubber bearing, while the influence of hanging wall effect on the bridge response is only related to the characteristics of hanging wall ground motion. Overall, the impulse effect has the most obvious impact on the pounding effect of the curved girder, and the hanging wall effect can be neglected.