As an earthquake-prone country, the earthquake damage to infrastructure in China is particularly serious. To protect the normal operation of infrastructure and the safety of people's property, the bad performance of ordinary bolt supporting structures under earthquake and the defect that the anchoring force can not be formed quickly in rescue and disaster relief were concerned in this paper. Combined with the advantages of recycled bolt and enlarged head bolt, this paper put forward a novel anchoring structure. The proposed structure can form the anchoring force quickly, can be reused and has high bearing capacity. The structure composition and working mechanism were discussed, and the bearing capacity of the structure was analyzed and verified in combination with the in-situ test. The results show that the structure has good bearing capacity, which is conducive to maintaining the safety and stability of the slope. The study can provide a reliable basis for the application of the structure.