The upper active layer of seasonally frozen ground freezes in winter. During the freezing process, due to water migration, ice segregation often occurs on the freezing front, resulting in the formation of ice lenses. By using saturated frozen porous media to simulate frozen soil, saturated porous media to simulate unfrozen soil, and single-phase elastic media to simulate ice lenses, a simplified one-dimensional seismic response model of seasonally frozen soil with ice lenses was established. The Laplace transform method is used to obtain the analytical solution of the one-dimensional seismic response of the seasonally frozen soil layer in the frequency domain, and the time-history response is obtained by means of the numerical integral inverse transformation. The calculation results show that the numerical solutions agree well with the analytical solutions, and the one-dimensional seismic response of the seasonally frozen soil layer can be well degraded to that of the saturated soil layer when the temperature is close to the frozen point. The effects of the structural parameters of the layered seasonally frozen soil on the vertical seismic response are discussed. The results show that the thickness of the underlying layer, the thickness of the ice lens, the thickness of the freezing front, the temperature gradient and the ground surface temperature have significant impact on the seismic responses. Therefore, attention should be paid to the impact of the formation of ice lenses in seasonally frozen soil on the natural vibration periods and seismic responses of the site.