To systematically investigate the seismic response of subway station structures in sand-fine liquefiable sites, a series of shaking table model tests were conducted using the earthquake simulation shaking table system at the Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration. This study details the preparation of the site model, the design and fabrication of the subway station structure, the layout of sensors, the selection of ground motion waveforms, and loading protocols. Emphasis is placed on analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of acceleration responses in both the station structure and the model site. The results indicate that soil cracking appeared during low-amplitude seismic loading. When the peak ground acceleration reached 0.2g, the station structure uplifted remarkably, the soil liquefied, and the pore water pressure increased, accompanied by sand boiling and water ejection. Acceleration data revealed amplification effects in both the foundation model and the subway station model, with amplification factors increasing with height. The presence of the subway station structure notably influenced the dynamic response of the model site. Strain analysis demonstrated that the maximum strain response occurred in the central columns of the station, with peak values observed at the top of the upper central column and the bottom of the lower central column.