With the development of offshore wind power and oil-gas operations, the evaluation of the dynamic stability of marine foundation sites using the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of saturated clay has become critical. Recent research has achieved substantial advances in this domain. This study systematically reviews global research on the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of saturated clay through consolidation and analysis of prior works. Laboratory testing methods, influencing factors and behavioral patterns, and prediction models are highlighted. Comparative analyses are performed to determine the effects of cyclic tensile stress states and different cyclic stress paths on the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of saturated clay. Neural networks are employed to consolidate existing findings. This review provides a strategic direction for future studies on the dynamic stability assessment of marine foundation sites.